Fontenay-sous-Bois, France: Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, 92 pp, Varadi, L., Szucs, I., Pekar, F., Blokhin, S., Csavas, I., 2001. 2013, http://www.fao.org/figis/servlet/static?dom=collection&xml=dias.xml, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. 55 relazioni. This species requires temperatures of 25-28ºC for optimal growth, food assimilation and breeding (Copp et al., 2009). Growth is an integrating variable of fish physiology and behaviour, and reduced growth can result from a variety of factors: food abundance, fish age, social hierarchy, change in water temperature, habitat and increased energy expenditures (Zaikov et al. Reproduction is controlled by environmental cues, e.g. S. glanis is native to eastern Europe and western Asia (Kinzelbach, 1992), but is now established in at least seven countries to the west and south of its native range (Elvira, 2001). There is a risk that wels catfish may impact on native fauna for a number of reasons. ], Copp GH, Moffatt L, Wesley KJ, 2007. Water quality and accelerated winter growth of European catfish using an enclosed recirculating system. Fast growth is advantageous for non-natives in minimising predation by quickly exceeding gape size of native predators, and in increasing foraging opportunities (Hendry et al. 2001). Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria, 26(1), 93-101. Technical Proceedings of the Conference on Aquaculture in the Third Millennium, Bangkok, Thailand, February 2000. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 14(2), 171-175. There are 100 species from 12 genera in the family. Wels catfish can be distinguished from other European catfish by the 6 long barbels under the lower jaw, the scaleless mucous-coated elongated body and the very small dorsal fin (Britton et al., 2010). [English title not available]. http://www.fishbase.org, Gozlan RE, Flower CJ, Pinder AC, 2003. Besides the usual diet of fishes and amphibians, the biggest specimens seize also small mammals and waterfowls. (2002) investigated the genetic structure of S. glanis across most of its natural distribution using 10 microsatellite loci. Bredene, Belgium: European Aquaculture Society, 163-167. Copp et al. Migration to European rivers including the Danube, Dnieper and Volga was via the Caspian, Black and Aral seas. In the UK, wels catfish, because they are non-native, require an ILFA (Introduction of Live Fish Act) license for introduction as part of regulatory legislation control and enforcement. Aquaculture: a biotechnology in progress: volume 1. International Conference: Aquaculture Europe, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2-5 Jun 1987. Territorio. Consent is usually not granted for open waters, although enclosed waters are permitted (Britton and Pegg, 2007; Copp et al., 2009). Aquaculture development trends in Europe. Roczniki Nauk Rolniczych, Seria H, Rybactwo, 102(1):131-167. Introduced in Europe and in many European parts for ludic purposes, to give big satisfactions to the amateur fishermen, it has not taken too long, man accomplice, to expand like a wildfire. From phylogenetic analysis it seems likely that wels catfish represent an early diversification of Siluriformes (Vittas et al., 2011). The young grow quickly, reaching 30 cm in length within the first year (Shikhshabekov, 1978; Copp et al., 2009). Freshwater Biology, 55(5):1130-1141. http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/123349915/HTMLSTART, Britton JR, Pegg J, 2007. Concerns about accidental unregulated spread (flooding enabling spread from angling waters to watercourses and rivers) and intentional unregulated releases (for angling) imply that S. glanis introductions need to be investigated, particularly as angling and dispersal are cited as the main introduction routes for introduced fish in the UK ( Copp et al. © Copyright 2020 CAB International. The large size suggests high potential for dispersal (Copp et al., 2009), although the limited available information on movement and migration suggests that the species demonstrates considerable site fidelity (Carol et al., 2007). (2002), S. glanis has been farmed historically in Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Germany, France, Hungary, Greece, Macedonia, Poland, the Czech Republic and Romania. What stands out most are the formidable barbels, about twice long than the head, that protrude laterally in front of the eyes. Reviewers' names are available on request. Other examples of depressed foraging activity and growth were reported at water temperatures <15ºC as fish were unable to metabolise food at temperatures <10ºC and were sedentary to minimise energy expenditure (Boujard, 1995). However, many aspects of behaviour are still unknown, and Valadou (2007) suggests that virtually all aspects of the biology of introduced S. glanis require study. Age and growth of the European catfish (Silurus glanis) in a Turkish Reservoir and comparison with introduced populations. Water and Environment Journal, 20(4):233-239. http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/loi/wej. Silurus glanis (wels catfish); adult, in the open water of a former surface mine near Leipzig, Germany. The fore part is robust and almost flattened on the head. FishBase. Martino A, Syväranta J, Crivelli A, Cereghino R, Santoul F, 2011. Native populations extend from Germany to Eastern Europe including Poland and southern Sweden, and also from northern Iran and southern Turkey to the Baltic states and Russia, and to the Aral sea of Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan (Copp et al., 2009). The species is an effective ambush predator of slower moving Cyprinid species (Copp et al., 2009). Biological Conservation, 72:311-319, Cucherousset, J., Boulêtreau, S., Azémar, F., Compin, A., Guillaume, M., Santoul, F., 2012. Within these habitats the fish prefer benthic woody tree root habitats and stony crevices for refuge and cover. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum - Piscaria, 2(1), 183-194. Contenimento del siluro (Silurus glanis) nel fiume Adda Nel corso del 2019 dando seguito alle disposizioni di Regione Lombardia (DGR n.1965 del 22/7/21019), il Parco ha proceduto alla realizzazione di un progetto di contenimento di esemplari della specie Silurus glanisnel tratto del corso del fiume Adda ricadente nel territorio del Parco. The wels catfish S. glanis is part of the family Siluridae, a group of freshwater fish native to Europe, Asia and Africa. The prey that ends up between its lips has no escape. Introduction of S. glanis for aquaculture and enhancement of sport angling is common. Diel rhythms of feeding activity in the European catfish, Silurus glanis. Un enorme pesce siluro è stato pescato nella serata di lunedì 23 giugno a Como, più precisamente nella zona della diga Foranea.A compiere l’impresa è stato un giovane pescatore di origine ucraina, che ha impiegato 40 minuti per riuscire a tirare fuori dall’acqua il grosso esemplare. La gestione del siluro ai fini del suo contenimento nel territorio regionale potrebbe comprendere: 1) la rimozione periodica di … Rahel FJ, Olden JD, 2008. Moreover, the flesh is good even if, due to the pollution, before eating it would be better to contact the veterinary authorities. Silurus glanis. S. glanis is listed as Least Concern (LC) in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (http://www.iucnredlist.org/). (Le silure glane n'est pas un monster.) The sexual cycles of the catfish S. glanis, pike E. lucius, perch P. fluviatilis and pike-perch L. lucioperca. (La production de poissons en pisciculture en Roumanie.) In vain basses and punkies erect the sharp stings on the back. 1996; Ulikowski et al. Species and size selectivity of European cat-fish (Silurus glanis) to natural food when reared in aquarium to one month of age. It swims slowly, waving the long anal fin that garnishes its body from the abdomen to the tail, but is able to make sudden leaps when disturbed by an annoying diver or if it must seize a prey. Molecular Ecology, 8(11):1964-1966, Linhart O, Stech L, Svarc J, Rodina M, Audebert JP, Grecu J, Billard R, 2002. With the first darkness it rouses from this apathy and begins its meticolous researches. Egg size is 3 mm and larvae length at hatching is 8.5 mm. The mitochondrial genome has 16,526 base pairs containing 37 genes, of which 13 genes are for protein synthesis, 22 tRNAs and 2rRNAs, and a control region which functions in the same way as other vertebrate mtDNAs. Conservation Biology, 22(3):521-533. http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/loi/cbi, Rees EMA, 2010. Further details may be available for individual references in the Distribution Table Details section which can be selected by going to Generate Report. http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0025732 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0025732, Britton JR, Cucherousset J, Davies GD, Godard MJ, Copp GH, 2010. The European catfish (Silurus glanis) can reach the 80 years with record size of 5 m and 300 kg. by Cowx, I. G.]. However, there are reports of breeding in some lakes in southern England at present temperatures (Copp et al., 2009). Eggs are protected by mucous and stickiness. Following introduction outside its native range, the wels catfish has become established in Bosnia-Herzegovina, Spain, Denmark and Tunisia with some ecological effects. S. glanis cultivation has played a minor role in cyprinid pond farming. Consumer popularity of cultured S. glanis has remained low (Varadi et al. Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 18(5), 775-780. http://vetdergi.kafkas.edu.tr/extdocs/2012_5/775-780.pdf, Clavero M, García-Berthou E, 2006. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 23:654-660, Carol J, Zamora L, García-Berthou E, 2007. Fischokologie, 6:7-20, Kottelat M, Freyhof J, 2007. 2001). Incubation lasts about 50 hours at 24°C. 2002; Muscalu et al. Secondly, catfish are opportunistic foragers, able to switch their feeding to the most suitable resource available. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 16(3), 398-405. http://agrojournal.org, Hamackova J, Szlaminska M, Kouril M, Vachta J, Stibranyiova I, 1997. New sightings continue to occur being its range progressively expanding. Silurus glanis (Linnaeus, 1758) Appearance. After the fecundation they will defend them and will aerate them from time to time until the hatching. Penil (2004) suggests that it may expand its range by movement in man-made canal networks. “Silurus glanis is a commercial fish consumed by humans. The flesh is good even if, due to pollution, before eating it is perhaps advisable to have the water analyzed © Sebastiano Guido. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 20(3):269-273. http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/123297656/PDFSTART, Crivelli AJ, 1995. The addition of wels catfish in recreational catch and release fisheries is likely to have a beneficial revenue effect. Silurus glanis, conosciuto volgarmente come siluro o siluro d'Europa o anche pesce siluro, è un pesce d'acqua dolce europeo, appartenente alla famiglia dei Siluridae e all'ordine Siluriformes. CABI is a registered EU trademark. Some angling introductions are unregulated and illegal, with S. glanis transferred to unlicensed lakes in the UK that do not meet the ILFA (Import of Live Fish Act) criteria set by the Environment Agency because of risks concerning flooding and the likelihood of entry to nearby rivers. River Thames, River Great Ouse, where its presence is yet to be proved (Copp et al., 2007). The feeding selectivity of wels (Silurus glanis L.) in Lake Goreckie. Wels catfish are also hosts of specialist parasites such as Trichodina siluri, Myxobolus miyarii, Leptorhynchoides plagicephalus and Pseudotracheliastes stellifer which may be detrimental to native fish survival (Copp et al. The predicted increase of water temperatures of 2-3ºC by 2050 as a result of climate change is likely to amplify the risk of establishment and breeding success in the UK and other northern countries (Rahel and Olden, 2008; Britton et al., 2010). 2011; Cucherousset et al. It has been introduced but not established in Cyprus, Belgium and Algeria (Froese and Pauly, 2012). Hydrobiologia, 671:259-265. http://springerlink.metapress.com/content/1573-5117/, Boeseman M, 1975. S. glanis is also used in parts of Europe for aquaculture. The skin can be used in glue and leather manufacture. Az európai harcsa (Silurus glanis), a sugarasúszójú halak (Actinopterygii) osztályába, a harcsaalakúak (Siluriformes) rendjébe és a harcsafélék (Siluridae) családjába tartozó faj.. Európa édesvizeinek (a viza után) második legnagyobbra növő hala, a magyarországi halfauna „óriása”, hiszen két métert és a száz kilogrammot is meghaladhatják egyes példányai. Pond culture of fish in Romania. AACL Bioflux, 3(5), 362-366. http://www.bioflux.com.ro/aacl, National Marine Fisheries Service, 2013. Evaluation of selected feeds differing in dietary lipids levels in feeding juveniles of wels catfish, Silurus glanis L. Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria, 38(2), 91-96. doi: 10.3750/AIP2008.38.2.02, Muscalu, R., Muscalu, C., Nagy, M., Bura, M., Szelei, Z. T., 2010. Testing the Alms Welsfutter diet on sheath fish (Silurus glanis) culture in silos. Testicles in males are a pair of glands in the dorsal main cavity, white when mature, but pink when developing (Shikhshabekov, 1978). During the night it roams wandering and diving the big head on the preys that the long barbels, always busy, have revealed. Copp G H, Britton J R, Cucherousset J, García-Berthou E, Kirk R, Peeler E, Stakėnas S, 2009. http://www.fishbase.org. In the origin countries, besides the flesh consumed fresh or smoked, the skin is utilized for producing glues and for the leather industry. Its greater production in Bulgaria has been suggested (Hadjinikolova et al., 2010). Bogut, I., Opacak, A., Stevic, I., Bogdanic, C., 1995. Males mature earlier than females, with mass maturation at 3-4 yrs, 57-66 cm and 1.3-2.3 kg, in contrast to females that mature at 4 yrs at minimum length 87.05 cm (Alp et al., 2004; Froese and Pauly, 2012). http://www.fao.org/fishery/en. Public Domain - Released by Yuriy75/via wikipedia - CC0. Results of rearing two-year-old European wels (Silurus glanis L.) in ponds stocked with intensively cultured yearling. S. glanis is a warm water predatory fish with fast growth rate (Cirkovic, 2012); cultured fish can attain a mean length increment of >15cm TL within 4 months at optimum temperatures >26ºC (Hilge, 1989). It was first introduced to England in 1880, into enclosed recreational lakes of a private Bedfordshire manor estate at Woburn Abbey, for fishing. Comparison of morphology, growth and survival between Silurus glanis, S. aristotelis and their hybrid during larval and juvenile stages. Preparing and Cooking a big catfish Silurus glanis, to eat.How to clean a catfish.Hi many people have asked me to show some food prep. The database includes records of species introduced or transferred from one country to another. © MONACO NATURE ENCYCLOPEDIA | All rights reserved. According to Linhart et al. They can be identified by 6 barbels, 2 long ones on each side of the mouth and 4 shorter ones from the lower jaw. Maximum length is 500 cm (male), but common lengths are 300 cm, and weight 306 kg. In an initial invasiveness assessment, Copp et al. Dediu, L., Docan, A., Cristea, V., Grecu, I., 2010. They are a demersal species, find refuge in crevices and woody root habitats, and prefer slow flowing rivers and weedy covered, vegetated lakes. Bonjour à tous ! The different routes of introduction are pertinent regarding release of non-native fish, as some routes such as angling have a greater risk of unregulated transfer activities from fishermen in unsupervised lakes. Naturwissenschaften, 96(5), 631-635. http://www.springerlink.com/content/96hh785038172pq0/?p=2d643a9f547444d5abaaed7c8e53b62d&pi=9 doi: 10.1007/s00114-009-0511-3, Triantafyllidis A, Krieg F, Cottin C, Abatzopoulos TJ, Triantaphyllidis C, Guyomard R, 2002. Gli impatti economici sono più probabili nei laghi prealpini (ove si esercita maggiormente la pesca di professione), mentre gli ... www.naturachevale.it . Life span is normally 15-30 years, with a maximum recorded age of 80 years (Kottelat and Freyhof, 2007). Some of the environmental impacts of the species (see the Environmental Impact section) might have economic effects. PLoS ONE, 6(10), e25732. 2009; Copp et al. Ulikowski, D., Borkowska, I., Chybowski, L., 1998. SILURUS GLANIS ASSOCIATION has 2,760 members. Linolenic acid supplementation in the diet of European catfish (Silurus glanis): effect on growth and fatty acid composition. Filipiak, J., Sadowski, J., Trzebiatowski, R., 1997. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 21(2), 283-294. http://www.springerlink.com/link.asp?id=100215 doi: 10.1007/s11160-010-9168-4, Bevacqua D, Andrello M, Melià P, Vincenzi S, Leo GA de, Crivelli AJ, 2011. 2012). Combattimento mozzafiato in deriva sul fiume Po. The routes used to introduce non-native fish species are closely related to the nature and extent of different anthropogenic activities such as aquaculture, research, pest control and also recreational fishing. Natural predators of S. glanis include otters (Lutra lutra), cormorants and waders, and other predatory fish such as pike (Esox lucius) and zander (Sander lucioperca). Desde entonces han sido muchos los lugares donde ha aparecido, alterando el equilibrio natural del ecosistema al que lle- gan. Generate a print friendly version containing only the sections you need. (Zuchtmöglichkeiten des Welses in Teichen in Polen.) (2005) gave S. glanis an intermediate mean risk score (21.5 out of 54 possible points). 129. Mareš, J., Jirásek, J., Ondra, R., 1996. temperature and day length. The ecological trophic effect of S. glanis is unclear; some authors consider that the species can decimate tench (Tinca tinca) populations while others are of the view that as they are to some extent scavengers, their predatory impact may be benign rather than intense (Copp et al., 2009). ropa (Silurus glanis)” del 17 luglio 2007 stabilisce l’asso-luto divieto di detenzione e trasporto di esemplari vivi e di reimmissione nelle acque della provincia. Aquacultura Hungarica, 4: 135-144. 19. S. glanis is a robust species regarding transference outside its native range, and exhibits tolerance to low oxygen levels in water. 2007; Carol et al. GardaPost Gen 11, 2020. Wels catfish is the largest fish of the order Siluriformes and can attain a maximum length of 500 cm, although it more commonly reaches 300 cm. "Freshwater killer whales": beaching behavior of an alien fish to hunt land birds. There are 18 Silurus species, of which two are native to Europe: wels catfish and Aristotle's catfish (S. aristotelis). Status Review Report of 5 Species of Foreign Sturgeon. The Import of Live Fish Act 1980 (ILFA) is a legislative framework to control importation of non-native fishes, and the Fish Invasive Screening Kit (FISK) is a scoring system to assess the range of risk of non-native fish introduction ranging from potential pest to harmless, based on the evaluation of life history traits of non-native fish species, e.g. Pesticides should always be used in a lawful manner, consistent with the product's label. Fish consumption is low in central and eastern European countries in comparison to western Europe, which may be related to economic factors including income, fisheries trading and distribution (fish is more expensive than meat in most eastern European countries). size, growth rate, survival rate, and reproductive success. Ge­o­graphic Range Sil­u­rus gla­nis, sheat­fish or wels cat­fish, is na­tive to east­ern Eu­rope and Asia. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 4(6), 841-846. 2010). https://wcd.coe.int/com.instranet.InstraServlet?command=com.instranet.CmdBlobGet&InstranetImage=1338217&SecMode=1&DocId=1464096&Usage=2, FAO, 2012. Wels catfish exhibit parental care of young, and the males guard clusters of eggs adhered to woody tree roots and submerged macrophytes in riparian reaches and floodplains (Copp et al., 2009). Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 21(3):276-281. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)1099-0755, Mazurkiewicz, J., Przybyl, A., Golski, J., 2008. It is estimated that the number of eggs is of around 30.000 per each kilo of weight of the mother. Dietary breadth and trophic position of introduced European catfish Silurus glanis in the River Tarn (Garonne River basin), southwest France. 4.5-5.5 ft.) but may reach lengths of up to 3 m (approx. Information regarding the wels catfish nuclear and mitochondrial genomes is sparse. It has been in­tro­duced to sev­eral other areas in­clud­ing Ger­many, France, Spain, Eng­land, Greece, Turkey and the Nether­lands. Rearing of European catfish (Silurus glanis L.) to marketable size in warm water at the laboratory scale. The male guards the eggs for the next 2-10 days (time dependent on water temperature) and makes sure the eggs are well ventilated by repeatedly fanning his tail fin, until they hatch out (Copp et al., 2009). Il Siluro (Silurus glanis), originario dell’Europa centro settentrionale e dell’Asia Minore, … Comparative analysis of results of using different food rations in juvenile wels (Silurus glanis) culture. The distribution in this summary table is based on all the information available. Each gram of ova has about 195 eggs prior to spawning. > 10°C, Cold average temp. Effect of stocking density and three various diets on growth and survival of European catfish (Silurus glanis L.) larvae under intensive rearing condition. Diet varies with age and size, with smaller catfish foraging on invertebrates, while larger catfish >120 cm are able to exploit a broader niche, including fish and wildfowl. (2011) reported that in the Camargue in Southern France, S. glanis consumption was not a threat to eel distribution, as their diet was mainly omnivorous. The maximum reported length is of five metres, but the specimens presently found in Italy rarely do exceed the two, also because the bigger specimens are the oldest ones and due to its age that may reach the 80 years, clearly those present in Italy will have to grow up for some decade more before reaching record dimensions. Body colour is variable but normally dark greenish-black with creamy yellow sides creating a mottled effect.They are solitary, predatory, opportunistic scavengers that hunt for stragglers (Boujard, 1995; Copp et al., 2009; Britton et al., 2010). Introductions to rivers in Spain have resulted in abundant populations in four river basins, where catfish can reach large sizes > 1 m (Carol et al., 2009). (2010) revealed that water temperatures <17ºC marked a cessation in foraging activity and growth, which indicates thermal ecological sensitivity of S. glanis of particular relevance in northern habitats. Upstream spring migration in April for spawning requires temperatures of 8-10ºC and initiation of spawning occurs at 18-22ºC. In April 2012, accidental flooding from licensed lakes containing wels catfish into flood valleys of the River Colne and Chelmer in East Anglia were being investigated. Fisheries Management and Ecology, 14:263-268, Britton, J. R., Davies, G. D., Brazier, M., 2010. 2001) with some limited but renewed awareness among fish farmers in France and Germany (Linhart et al. Turk Veterinerlik ve Hayvancilik Dergisi, 28:613-622, Alp, A., Kara, C., Üçkardes, F., Carol, J., García-Berthou, E., 2011. The breed effect on productivity and meat nutrient compsition of fish. Please consider upgrading your browser to the latest version or installing a new browser. Froese R, Pauly D, 2012. In the UK, the government has developed an environmental risk strategy including risk identification, risk assessment, risk management and risk review and reporting. 9696).A nocturnal predator, foraging near bottom and in water column. Oxford, UK: Fishing News Books, 46-57, Slavík O, Horký P, Bartoš L, Kolárová J, Randák T, 2007. PLoS ONE, 7(12), e50840. Arrivata interpretazione Dpcm . Establishment may be more sporadic in northern countries such as Belgium and the UK where temperatures are less favourable (Elvira, 2001; Britton and Pegg, 2007). (Ucinkovitost dodatka polizyma na rast somovskog mlada (Silurus glanis) u kaveznom uzgoju). S. glanis is the largest-bodied European freshwater fish. Overall, the tipping point temperature indicator for growth among cultured S. glanis appeared to be >20ºC and at these temperatures fish can gain ~ 4kg within 2yrs, in contrast to depressed growth at lower temperatures (Gullu et al. Journal of Fish Biology, 63:131-143. There are 18 Silurus species, of which two are native to Europe: wels catfish and Aristotle's catfish (S. aristotelis).